Meloxicam

Summary

Meloxicam is an NSAID used to treat osteoarthritis in adults, rheumatoid arthritis in adults, and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis in pediatrics.

Brand Names

Anjeso, Mobic, Qmiiz, Vivlodex

Generic Name
Meloxicam
DrugBank Accession Number
DB00814
Groundwork

Meloxicam is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to save various types of pain, including pain caused by musculoskeletal conditions, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis.one With a longer one-half-life than most other NSAIDS, it is a favorable option for those who crave one time-daily dosing. Meloxicam is bachelor in oral, transdermal, and intravenous formulations. It is a preferential COX-ii inhibitor, purportedly reducing the risk of agin alimentary canal furnishings, even so, this is a topic of controversy.4,5

Blazon
Pocket-sized Molecule
Groups
Canonical, Vet approved
Structure

Weight
Average: 351.401
Monoisotopic: 351.034747299
Chemical Formula
CxivH13Due north3O4Stwo
Synonyms
  • Méloxicam
  • Meloxicam
  • Meloxicamum
External IDs
  • Due north-1539
  • N1539
  • UH-AC 62XX
  • UH-AC-62 XX
  • UH-AC62
Indication

Meloxicam is indicated for the symptomatic handling of arthritis and osteoarthritis. In addition, it is indicated for the pauciarticular and polyarticular class of Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA) in patients aged two years old or above.ten Off-label uses include the treatment of dental or postal service-surgical pain. In addition to the to a higher place, meloxicam has besides been studied in the handling of neuropathic hurting. i

Meloxicam, in combination with bupivacaine, is indicated for postsurgical analgesia in adult patients for upwards to 72 hours following pes and ankle, small-to-medium open intestinal, and lower extremity total joint arthroplasty surgical procedures.thirteen

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Associated Weather
  • Dental Hurting
  • Neuropathic Hurting
  • Osteoarthritis (OA)
  • Hurting, Inflammatory
  • Pauciarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
  • Polyarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, chronic or unspecified
  • Postoperative pain
  • Rheumatoid Arthritis
Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings

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Pharmacodynamics

Meloxicam is an anti-inflammatory, analgesic analgesic with antipyretic effects in fever.one Prostaglandins are substances that contribute to inflammation.7 This drug also exerts preferential actions against COX-23, which may reduce the possible gastrointestinal effects of this drug.

In humans, meloxicam has demonstrated the ability to decrease erythrocyte sedimentation charge per unit(ESR) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and to decrease ESR, C-reactive protein (CRP), likewise equally aquaporin-1 expression.one As with other NSAIDS, prolonged use of meloxicum can consequence in renal or cardiovascular impairment or thrombotic cardiovascular events.10

A note on gastrointestinal furnishings

As meloxicam preferentially inhibits COX-2, it is idea to cause less gastrointestinal irritation compared to other NSAIDS. Despite this, it still carries a risk of gastric inflammation, bleeding and ulceration.v,x In one study, patients on meloxicam suffered from gastrointestinal symptoms at a rate of xiii% compared to 19% of those on diclofenac. GI events were found to be less severe in the meloxicam-treated patients.one

Mechanism of action

Meloxicam inhibits prostaglandin synthetase (cylooxygenase ane and 2) enzymes leading to a decreased synthesis of prostaglandins, which commonly mediate painful inflammatory symptoms.vii As prostaglandins sensitize neuronal pain receptors, inhibition of their synthesis leads to analgesic and inflammatory effects. Meloxicam preferentially inhibits COX-2, only as well exerts some activity against COX-1, causing gastrointestinal irritation.1,10

Target Actions Organism
AProstaglandin G/H synthase two

inhibitor

 Humans
UProstaglandin G/H synthase i

inhibitor

 Humans
Assimilation

The absolute bioavailability oral capsules after a dose was 89% in one pharmacokinetic written report. Cmax was reached v–6 hours afterwards administration of a single dose given after the first meal of the day. The Cmax doubled when the drug was administered in the fasting state. Despite this, meloxicam tin can exist taken without regard to nutrient, unlike many other NSAIDS.1,10

Meloxicam formulated for instillation with bupivacaine produced varied systemic measures following a single dose of varying forcefulness. In patients undergoing bunionectomy, 1.8 mg of meloxicam produced a Cmax of 26 ± 14 ng/mL, a median Tmax of 18 h, and an AUC∞ of 2079 ± 1631 ng*h/mL. For a ix mg dose used in herniorrhaphy, the corresponding values were 225 ± 96 ng/mL, 54 h, and the AUC∞ was not reported. Lastly, a 12 mg dose used in full knee arthroplasty produced values of 275 ± 134 ng/mL, 36 h, and 25,673 ± 17,666 ng*h/mL.xiii

Book of distribution

The volume of distribution of meloxicam is 10-15L. Considering of its high bounden to albumin, information technology is likely to be distributed in highly perfused tissues, such every bit the liver and kidney.i Meloxicam concentrations in synovial fluid, measured after an oral dose, is estimated at twoscore% to l% of the concentrations measured in the plasma.x This drug is known to cross the placenta in humans.9

Protein bounden

Meloxicam is about 99.4% protein bound, primarily to albumin.i,3,10

Metabolism

Meloxicam is about completely metabolized. CYP2C9 is the main enzyme responsible for the metabolism of meloxicam1,6 with small contributions from CYP3A4.10 Meloxicam has four major metabolites with no activity determined. About sixty% of the ingested dose is metabolized to 5'-carboxy meloxicam from hepatic cytochrome enzyme oxidation of an intermediate metabolite, 5'-hydroxymethylmeloxicam.half-dozen,viii Two other metabolites are likely produced via peroxidation.6,10

Hover over products below to view reaction partners

Route of elimination

Meloxicam is mainly eliminated through metabolism. Its metabolites are cleared through renal and fecal elimination.3 Less than <0.25% of a dose is eliminated in the urine as unchanged drug.10 About 1.6% of the parent drug is excreted in the feces.1

Half-life

The half-life of meloxicam is approximately 20 hours3, which is considerably longer than most other NSAIDS. It tin therefore exist dosed without the need for boring-release formulations.1

Meloxicam practical together with bupivacaine for postsurgical analgesia had a median half-life of 33-42 hours, depending on dose and application site.thirteen

Clearance

After an oral dose, the full clearance of meloxicam is 0.42–0.48 Fifty/h.one,3 The FDA characterization indicates a plasma clearance from 7 to 9 mL/min. No dose changes are required in mild to moderate renal or hepatic harm. The employ of meloxicam in patients with severe renal or hepatic harm has not been studied. FDA prescribing information advises against information technology.10

Adverse Effects

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Toxicity

The oral LD50 in rats is 98 mg/kg.11 Signs and symptoms of overdose with meloxicam may include shallow animate, seizure, decreased urine output, gastrointestinal irritation, nausea, vomiting, gastrointestinal bleeding, and black tarry stools.12 In the case of an overdose, offer supportive treatment and endeavor to remove gastrointestinal contents. Cholestyramine has been shown to enhance the emptying of meloxicam.11

Pathways
Pathway Category
Meloxicam Action Pathway Drug action
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available
Drug Interactions

This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you lot are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absenteeism of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.

  • Canonical
  • Vet approved
  • Nutraceutical
  • Illicit
  • Withdrawn
  • Investigational
  • Experimental
  • All Drugs
Drug Interaction

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interactions in your software
Abacavir Meloxicam may decrease the excretion rate of Abacavir which could result in a higher serum level.
Abametapir The serum concentration of Meloxicam can be increased when it is combined with Abametapir.
Abatacept The metabolism of Meloxicam can be increased when combined with Abatacept.
Abciximab The take a chance or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage tin be increased when Meloxicam is combined with Abciximab.
Abrocitinib The metabolism of Abrocitinib can be decreased when combined with Meloxicam.
Acebutolol Meloxicam may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Acebutolol.
Aceclofenac The take chances or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Meloxicam is combined with Aceclofenac.
Acemetacin The adventure or severity of agin furnishings can be increased when Meloxicam is combined with Acemetacin.
Acenocoumarol The take a chance or severity of bleeding can be increased when Meloxicam is combined with Acenocoumarol.
Acetaminophen The hazard or severity of adverse effects can exist increased when Acetaminophen is combined with Meloxicam.
Food Interactions
  • Avoid alcohol. The risk of gastrointestinal bleeding may be increased.
  • Accept with or without nutrient. The assimilation is unaffected past food.

Drug production information from 10+ global regions

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dosage, form, labeller, road of administration, and marketing menstruation.

Admission drug product information from over 10 global regions.

Production Images
International/Other Brands
Achefree (Achefree) / Acticam (Acromax Dominicana) / Aflamid (Ballast) / Afloxx (Lusa) / Aglan (Zentiva) / Ainecox (Cheminter) / Aldoron (Ivax) / Alentum (Lafrancol) / Algiflex (Biogen) / Aliviodol (Centrum) / Anaxicam (Caferma) / Anposel (Medipharm) / Antrend (Labormed) / Aponip (Pharmatec) / Areloger (Gerard) / Aremil (Magma) / Armex (Qintar Pharma) / Arrox (Xepa-Soul Pattinson) / Arsitec (Arsmedendi) / Artex (Pharmedic) / Arthrobic (Mekophar) / Arthrox (Pharmanel) / Articam (Standpharm) / Artipro (Helix) / Artriclox (Garmisch) / Artrifilm (G&R) / Artriflam (Sherfarma) / Artrilom (Pro.Med.CS) / Artrilox (Combiphar) / Artrox (PharmaBrand) / Aspicam (Biofarm) / Atiflam (Doctor Andreu) / Atrozan (Pharmstandard) / Auroxicam (Aurora) / Axius (Hersil)
Brand Proper noun Prescription Products
Proper noun Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing Terminate Region Epitome
Human activity Meloxicam Tablet vii.5 mg Oral TEVA Canada Limited 2004-08-12 2021-07-xxx Canada flag
Human action Meloxicam Tablet 15 mg Oral TEVA Canada Express 2004-08-12 2021-07-30 Canada flag
Anjeso Injection 30 mg/1mL Intravenous Baudax Bio, Inc. 2020-02-24 Not applicable US flag
Meloxicam Tablet xv mg/1 Oral Caraco Pharmaceutical Laboratories, Ltd. 2008-11-12 Not applicable US flag
Meloxicam Tablet 15 mg Oral Cobalt Laboratories Not applicable Not applicable Canada flag
Meloxicam Tablet 7.5 mg/1 Oral Watson Laboratories Inc. 2007-03-30 Not applicable US flag
Meloxicam Tablet fifteen mg/1 Oral Ranbaxy Inc. 2007-05-23 Non applicable US flag
Meloxicam Tablet 7.5 mg/ane Oral Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc. 2007-01-sixteen 2007-01-16 US flag
Meloxicam Tablet 15 mg Oral Pro Medico Limitee 2009-06-10 2017-05-05 Canada flag
Meloxicam Tablet vii.five mg/1 Oral Caraco Pharmaceutical Laboratories, Ltd. 2008-eleven-12 Non applicative US flag
Generic Prescription Products
Proper noun Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Prototype
Apo-meloxicam Tablet xv mg Oral Apotex Corporation 2004-02-13 Not applicable Canada flag
Apo-meloxicam Tablet 7.v mg Oral Apotex Corporation 2004-02-13 Not applicative Canada flag
Auro-meloxicam Tablet fifteen mg Oral Auro Pharma Inc 2012-ten-18 Non applicable Canada flag
Auro-meloxicam Tablet 7.five mg Oral Auro Pharma Inc 2012-10-xix Not applicative Canada flag
Ava-meloxicam Tablet 15.0 mg Oral Avanstra Inc 2011-08-11 2014-08-21 Canada flag
Ava-meloxicam Tablet 7.five mg Oral Avanstra Inc 2011-11-08 2014-08-21 Canada flag
Comfort Pac with Meloxicam Kit 15 mg/1 Oral PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2010-06-xxx 2018-12-17 US flag
Comfort Pac with Meloxicam Kit 15 mg/1 Oral PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2013-07-09 2018-07-13 US flag
Dom-meloxicam Tablet xv mg Oral Dominion Pharmacal 2004-02-06 Not applicative Canada flag
Dom-meloxicam Tablet 7.v mg Oral Dominion Pharmacal 2004-02-06 Not applicative Canada flag
Mixture Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image
NuDroxiPAK Thousand-15 Meloxicam (fifteen mg/1) + Capsaicin (0.25 mg/1mL) + Menthol (60 mg/1mL) + Methyl salicylate (250 mg/1mL) Kit Oral; Topical NuCare pharmceuticals,Inc. 2007-03-07 Non applicable US flag
OCAM PROTECT® 7.5 TABLETAS RECUBIERTAS Meloxicam (seven.5 mg) + Esomeprazole magnesium trihydrate (20 mg) Tablet, coated Oral LABORATORIOS LA SANTÉ S.A. 2011-07-nineteen Non applicable Colombia flag
RUMONAL® PRO 15 Meloxicam (xv mg) + Esomeprazole magnesium trihydrate (20 mg) Capsule, coated Oral 2011-11-08 2018-05-03 Colombia flag
RUMONAL® PRO seven.5 Meloxicam (7.5 mg) + Esomeprazole magnesium trihydrate (twenty mg) Sheathing, coated Oral 2011-x-28 2020-05-xviii Colombia flag
Zynrelef Meloxicam (nine mg/10.5mL) + Bupivacaine (300 mg/10.5mL) Solution Infiltration Heron Therapeutics, Inc. 2021-07-01 Not applicable US flag
Zynrelef Meloxicam (1.8 mg) + Bupivacaine (60 mg) Solution Intralesional Heron Therapeutics, B.V. 2021-03-16 Not applicable EU flag
Zynrelef Meloxicam (6 mg / 7 mL) + Bupivacaine (200 mg / seven mL) Solution, gel forming, extended release Heron Therapeutics, Inc. Not applicable Not applicable Canada flag
Zynrelef Meloxicam (one.8 mg/2.3mL) + Bupivacaine (lx mg/two.3mL) Solution Infiltration Heron Therapeutics, Inc. 2021-07-01 Non applicative US flag
Zynrelef Meloxicam (12 mg) + Bupivacaine (400 mg) Solution Intralesional Heron Therapeutics, B.V. 2021-03-16 Not applicable EU flag
Zynrelef Meloxicam (12 mg/14mL) + Bupivacaine (400 mg/14mL) Solution Infiltration Heron Therapeutics, Inc. 2021-07-01 Non applicable US flag
Unapproved/Other Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image
Trepoxicam-7.v Meloxicam (vii.5 mg/1) + Histidine (50 mg/1) Kit Oral Medico Therapeutics Llc 2011-01-31 Non applicable US flag
ATC Codes
M01AC56 — Meloxicam, combinations
  • M01AC — Oxicams
  • M01A — ANTIINFLAMMATORY AND ANTIRHEUMATIC PRODUCTS, NON-STEROIDS
  • M01 — ANTIINFLAMMATORY AND ANTIRHEUMATIC PRODUCTS
  • M — MUSCULO-SKELETAL SYSTEM
M01AC06 — Meloxicam
  • M01AC — Oxicams
  • M01A — ANTIINFLAMMATORY AND ANTIRHEUMATIC PRODUCTS, Not-STEROIDS
  • M01 — ANTIINFLAMMATORY AND ANTIRHEUMATIC PRODUCTS
  • M — MUSCULO-SKELETAL System
Drug Categories
  • Agents causing hyperkalemia
  • Agents that produce hypertension
  • Analgesics
  • Analgesics, Non-Narcotic
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal (Non-Selective)
  • Antiinflammatory and Antirheumatic Products
  • Antiinflammatory and Antirheumatic Products, Non-Steroids
  • Antirheumatic Agents
  • COX-2 Inhibitors
  • Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors
  • Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C8 Substrates
  • Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 Substrates
  • Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Substrates
  • Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Substrates
  • Cytochrome P-450 Substrates
  • Musculo-Skeletal System
  • Nephrotoxic agents
  • Other Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Agents
  • Oxicams
  • Peripheral Nervous Organisation Agents
  • Selective Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors (NSAIDs)
  • Sensory Arrangement Agents
  • Sulfur Compounds
  • Thiazines
  • Thiazoles
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzothiazines. These are organic compounds containing a benzene fused to a thiazine ring (a half dozen-membered band with four carbon atoms, one nitrogen atom and ane sulfur atom).
Kingdom
Organic compounds
Super Grade
Organoheterocyclic compounds
Class
Benzothiazines
Sub Form
Not Bachelor
Direct Parent
Benzothiazines
Culling Parents
Blastoff amino acids and derivatives / N-arylamides / two,5-disubstituted thiazoles / Organosulfonamides / Benzenoids / 1,two-thiazines / Vinylogous acids / Heteroaromatic compounds / Secondary carboxylic acid amides / Azacyclic compounds / Organopnictogen compounds / Organic oxides / Hydrocarbon derivatives / Carbonyl compounds testify 4 more
Substituents
2,five-disubstituted ane,3-thiazole / Alpha-amino acid or derivatives / Effluvious heteropolycyclic compound / Azacycle / Azole / Benzenoid / Benzothiazine / Carbonyl grouping / Carboxamide group / Carboxylic acid derivative / Heteroaromatic compound / Hydrocarbon derivative / N-arylamide / Organic nitrogen compound / Organic oxide / Organic oxygen compound / Organic sulfonic acid or derivatives / Organonitrogen compound / Organooxygen chemical compound / Organopnictogen chemical compound / Organosulfonic acid amide / Organosulfonic acid or derivatives / Ortho-thiazine / Secondary carboxylic acrid amide / Thiazole / Vinylogous acrid show 16 more than
Molecular Framework
Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
monocarboxylic acrid amide, 1,3-thiazole, benzothiazine (CHEBI:6741)
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals
UNII
VG2QF83CGL
CAS number
71125-38-vii
InChI Key
ZRVUJXDFFKFLMG-UHFFFAOYSA-Due north
InChI

InChI=1S/C14H13N3O4S2/c1-viii-vii-15-14(22-8)16-xiii(19)11-12(18)9-5-3-4-6-x(ix)23(xx,21)17(11)2/h3-vii,18H,i-2H3,(H,xv,sixteen,nineteen)

IUPAC Name

4-hydroxy-two-methyl-Due north-(5-methyl-1,iii-thiazol-2-yl)-1,1-dioxo-2H-1lambda6,2-benzothiazine-3-carboxamide

SMILES

CN1C(C(=O)NC2=NC=C(C)S2)=C(O)C2=C(C=CC=C2)S1(=O)=O

Synthesis Reference

Laura Coppi, "Crystalline forms of meloxicam and processes for their preparation and interconversion." U.Due south. Patent US20030109701, issued June 12, 2003.

US20030109701
General References
  1. Bekker A, Kloepping C, Collingwood South: Meloxicam in the management of postal service-operative pain: Narrative review. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2018 Oct-Dec;34(four):450-457. doi: 10.4103/joacp.JOACP_133_18. [Article]
  2. Moore RA, Derry S, McQuay HJ: Single dose oral meloxicam for acute postoperative pain in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009 Oct 7;(4):CD007552. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007552.pub2. [Commodity]
  3. Turck D, Roth West, Busch U: A review of the clinical pharmacokinetics of meloxicam. Br J Rheumatol. 1996 Apr;35 Suppl ane:xiii-half-dozen. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/35.suppl_1.thirteen. [Commodity]
  4. Katz JA: COX-2 inhibition: what we learned--a controversial update on safety data. Pain Med. 2013 Dec;fourteen Suppl one:S29-34. doi: ten.1111/pme.12252. [Article]
  5. Seddik H, Rabhi Chiliad: [Meloxicam-induced colitis revealed by acute abdominal pain]. Ann Pharm Fr. 2013 Mar;71(2):119-22. doi: ten.1016/j.pharma.2012.12.003. Epub 2013 Mar eight. [Article]
  6. Chesne C, Guyomard C, Guillouzo A, Schmid J, Ludwig Eastward, Sauter T: Metabolism of Meloxicam in human liver involves cytochromes P4502C9 and 3A4. Xenobiotica. 1998 Jan;28(i):1-13. doi: x.1080/004982598239704. [Article]
  7. Ricciotti E, FitzGerald GA: Prostaglandins and inflammation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2011 May;31(5):986-1000. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.110.207449. [Commodity]
  8. Prasad GS, Srisailam K, Sashidhar RB: Metabolic inhibition of meloxicam past specific CYP2C9 inhibitors in Cunninghamella blakesleeana NCIM 687: in silico and in vitro studies. Springerplus. 2016 Feb 24;5:166. doi: 10.1186/s40064-016-1794-4. eCollection 2016. [Article]
  9. Carl P. Weiner MD, MBA, FACOG, Clifford Mason PhD (2019). Drugs for Significant and Lactating Women (3rd ed.). Elsevier.
  10. FDA canonical products: Mobic (meloxicam) oral tablets [Link]
  11. Medsafe NZ: Mobictab (meloxicam) oral tablets [Link]
  12. American College of Cardiology: Meloxicam [Link]
  13. FDA Approved Drug Products: ZYNRELEF (bupivacaine and meloxicam) extended-release solution for injection [Link]
Human Metabolome Database
HMDB0014952
KEGG Drug
D00969
KEGG Compound
C08169
PubChem Chemical compound
54677470
PubChem Substance
46506624
ChemSpider
10442740
BindingDB
50056998
RxNav
41493
ChEBI
6741
ChEMBL
CHEMBL599
ZINC
ZINC000013129998
Therapeutic Targets Database
DAP000971
PharmGKB
PA450353
PDBe Ligand
MXM
RxList
RxList Drug Page
Drugs.com
Drugs.com Drug Page
Wikipedia
Meloxicam
PDB Entries
4m11 / 4o1z
FDA label
MSDS
Clinical Trials
Phase Condition Purpose Atmospheric condition Count
4 Completed Handling Biliary Atresia, Kasai Portoenterostomy Condition 1
iv Completed Handling Healthy Subjects (HS) 1
4 Completed Treatment Osteoarthritis (OA) iii
four Completed Treatment Osteoarthritis (OA) / Rheumatoid Arthritis one
4 Completed Treatment Pharyngitis 1
4 Enrolling by Invitation Treatment Total Articulatio genus Arthroplasty (TKA) 1
four Recruiting Treatment Anesthesia therapy / Opioids Apply i
4 Recruiting Handling Postoperative pain ane
four Terminated Treatment Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) / Axial Spondyloarthritis (AxSpA) ane
3 Completed Not Available Rheumatoid Arthritis 1
Manufacturers
  • Boehringer ingelheim pharmaceuticals inc
  • Actavis totowa llc
  • Apotex inc etobicoke site
  • Aurobindo pharma ltd
  • Beijing double crane pharmaceutical co ltd
  • Beijing yabao biopharmaceutical co ltd
  • Breckenridge pharmaceutical inc
  • Caraco pharmaceutical laboratories ltd
  • Carlsbad engineering science inc
  • Corepharma llc
  • Dr reddys laboratories inc
  • Genpharm inc
  • Glenmark generics ltd
  • Lupin pharmaceuticals inc
  • Common pharmaceutical co inc
  • Mylan pharmaceuticals inc
  • Roxane laboratories inc
  • Strides arcolab ltd
  • Taro pharmaceutical industries ltd
  • Teva pharmaceuticals u.s.
  • Unichem laboratories ltd
  • Watson laboratories inc
  • Zydus pharmaceuticals usa inc
Packagers
  • 4uOrtho LLC
  • Advanced Pharmaceutical Services Inc.
  • Aidarex Pharmacuticals LLC
  • Apotex Inc.
  • Apotheca Inc.
  • A-Due south Medication Solutions LLC
  • Aurobindo Pharma Ltd.
  • Blenheim Pharmacal
  • Boehringer Ingelheim Ltd.
  • Breckenridge Pharmaceuticals
  • Bryant Ranch Prepack
  • Cadila Healthcare Ltd.
  • Cadista Pharmaceuticals Inc.
  • Caraco Pharmaceutical Labs
  • Carlsbad Technology Inc.
  • Cipla Ltd.
  • Corepharma LLC
  • Dispensing Solutions
  • Diversified Healthcare Services Inc.
  • Doctor Reddys Laboratories Ltd.
  • Dorx LLC
  • Genpharm LP
  • Glenmark Generics Ltd.
  • H.J. Harkins Co. Inc.
  • Innoviant Pharmacy Inc.
  • International Laboratories Inc.
  • Keltman Pharmaceuticals Inc.
  • Lake Erie Medical and Surgical Supply
  • Lannett Co. Inc.
  • Lupin Pharmaceuticals Inc.
  • Mallinckrodt Inc.
  • Medisca Inc.
  • Murfreesboro Pharmaceutical Nursing Supply
  • Mylan
  • Nucare Pharmaceuticals Inc.
  • Palmetto Pharmaceuticals Inc.
  • PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals Inc.
  • Physicians Total Intendance Inc.
  • Preferred Pharmaceuticals Inc.
  • Prepak Systems Inc.
  • Rebel Distributors Corp.
  • Remedy Repack
  • Resource Optimization and Innovation LLC
  • Roxane Labs
  • Sandoz
  • Southwood Pharmaceuticals
  • St Mary'south Medical Park Chemist's shop
  • Stat Rx The states
  • Strides Arcolab Limited
  • Taro Pharmaceuticals U.s.
  • Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
  • UDL Laboratories
  • Unichem Laboratories Ltd.
  • Vangard Labs Inc.
  • Yung Shin Pharmaceutical Industry Ltd.
  • Zydus Pharmaceuticals
Dosage Forms
Form Road Strength
Injection Intravenous 30 mg/1mL
Tablet Oral vii.50 mg
Tablet Oral 15.0 mg
Sheathing, liquid filled Oral 15 mg
Suppository Rectal
Kit Oral 15 mg/1
Injection Intramuscular xv mg
Gel Topical 1 g
Injection Intramuscular
Tablet, movie coated Oral
Solution Parenteral fifteen mg
Solution Intramuscular fifteen mg
Tablet, orally disintegrating Oral 15 mg
Sheathing Oral
Injection, solution Intramuscular
Injection, solution
Tablet Oral 15 mg
Tablet Oral seven.v mg
Tablet, coated Oral
Suspension Oral seven.5 mg/5mL
Tablet Oral 15 mg/1
Tablet Oral vii.5 mg/i
Tablet Oral
Injection, solution Parenteral
Tablet, coated Oral 15 mg
Tablet, coated Oral 7.5 mg
Tablet, soluble Oral 7.5 mg
Capsule Oral 15 MG
Capsule Oral 7.5 mg
Injection, solution Intramuscular xv mg/one.5ml
Capsule, coated Oral 15 mg
Capsule, coated Oral 7.v mg
Suppository Rectal 15 mg
Suppository Rectal 7.5 mg
Injection
Injection Parenteral 15 mg
Kit Oral; Topical
Tablet, soluble Oral 15 mg
Tablet, delayed release Oral
Solution Conjunctival; Ophthalmic 0.three mg
Solution Ophthalmic 0.3 mg
Tablet, orally disintegrating Oral 15 mg/one
Tablet, orally disintegrating Oral 7.five mg/ane
Sheathing, coated Oral
Kit Oral
Capsule Oral 10 mg/one
Capsule Oral five mg/ane
Capsule, liquid filled Oral 7.5 mg
Solution Infiltration
Solution Intralesional
Solution, gel forming, extended release
Prices
Unit of measurement description Toll Unit of measurement
Meloxicam 7.5 mg/5ml Suspension 100ml Bottle 86.99USD canteen
Meloxicam bp pulverization 56.61USD g
Mobic 15 mg tablet seven.37USD tablet
Meloxicam 15 mg tablet four.94USD tablet
Mobic 7.v mg tablet iv.74USD tablet
Meloxicam seven.5 mg tablet three.23USD tablet

DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.

Patents
Patent Number Pediatric Extension Approved Expires (estimated) Region
US6184220 Aye 2001-02-06 2019-09-25 US flag
US9649318 No 2017-05-16 2035-03-31 US flag
US9526734 No 2016-12-27 2033-03-31 US flag
US9808468 No 2017-11-07 2035-03-31 US flag
US8545879 No 2013-x-01 2030-08-31 US flag
US9974746 No 2018-05-22 2030-05-26 US flag
US8512727 No 2013-08-20 2022-12-25 US flag
US10471067 No 2019-11-12 2024-02-24 US flag
US10463673 No 2019-xi-05 2024-02-24 US flag
US10709713 No 2020-07-14 2030-05-26 US flag
US10881663 No 2021-01-05 2039-03-08 US flag
US9592227 No 2017-03-14 2034-03-13 US flag
US9694079 No 2017-07-04 2035-04-20 US flag
US9801945 No 2017-ten-31 2035-04-20 US flag
US10213510 No 2019-02-26 2035-04-twenty US flag
US9913909 No 2018-03-thirteen 2034-03-13 US flag
US10098957 No 2018-10-16 2035-04-20 US flag
US10632199 No 2020-04-28 2035-04-20 US flag
US10898575 No 2021-01-26 2035-04-20 US flag
US10980886 No 2021-04-twenty 2035-04-20 US flag
US10398686 No 2019-09-03 2034-03-13 US flag
US9744163 No 2017-08-29 2034-03-thirteen US flag
US11083797 No 2021-08-x 2035-04-twenty US flag
US11083730 No 2021-08-10 2035-04-20 US flag
US11253504 No 2014-03-13 2034-03-xiii US flag
US11253478 No 2010-05-26 2030-05-26 US flag
State
Solid
Experimental Backdrop
Belongings Value Source
melting point (°C) 256 http://world wide web.guildlink.com.au/gc/ws/by/pi.cfm?product=bypmobic10517
humid indicate (°C) 581.3±60.0 https://world wide web.chemsrc.com/en/cas/71125-38-7_1083007.html
water solubility 22 mg/ml https://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_US_CB2191355.aspx
logP 0.ane https://world wide web.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2004/20938s004lbl.pdf
Caco2 permeability -4.71 ADME Research, USCD
pKa 4.08 https://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_US_CB2191355.aspx
Predicted Properties
Property Value Source
Water Solubility 0.154 mg/mL ALOGPS
logP ii.28 ALOGPS
logP 1.6 ChemAxon
logS -3.4 ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic) 4.47 ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic) 0.47 ChemAxon
Physiological Charge -1 ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count 5 ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count 2 ChemAxon
Polar Surface Surface area 99.vi Å2 ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count ii ChemAxon
Refractivity 88.62 chiliad3·mol-1 ChemAxon
Polarizability 34.25 Åiii ChemAxon
Number of Rings 3 ChemAxon
Bioavailability 1 ChemAxon
Rule of Five Yep ChemAxon
Ghose Filter Yes ChemAxon
Veber'south Rule No ChemAxon
MDDR-like Dominion No ChemAxon
Predicted ADMET Features
Property Value Probability
Human Abdominal Assimilation + 0.9156
Blood Brain Barrier - 0.9811
Caco-ii permeable + 0.8484
P-glycoprotein substrate Substrate 0.5181
P-glycoprotein inhibitor I Non-inhibitor 0.7516
P-glycoprotein inhibitor II Non-inhibitor 0.7491
Renal organic cation transporter Not-inhibitor 0.9275
CYP450 2C9 substrate Substrate 0.5637
CYP450 2D6 substrate Not-substrate 0.9117
CYP450 3A4 substrate Non-substrate 0.6649
CYP450 1A2 substrate Non-inhibitor 0.9271
CYP450 2C9 inhibitor Inhibitor 0.5511
CYP450 2D6 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9322
CYP450 2C19 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.8948
CYP450 3A4 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.8191
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity Depression CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity 0.7316
Ames test Non AMES toxic 0.8576
Carcinogenicity Non-carcinogens 0.7052
Biodegradation Non ready biodegradable 0.9312
Rat acute toxicity 3.4619 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I) Weak inhibitor 0.9579
hERG inhibition (predictor II) Non-inhibitor 0.7999

ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Mass Spec (NIST)
Not Available
Spectra
Spectrum Spectrum Type Splash Key
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS Predicted GC-MS Non Bachelor
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Non Bachelor
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Non Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Non Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-qTof , Positive LC-MS/MS Not Available
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-qTof , Positive LC-MS/MS Not Available
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-qTof , Positive LC-MS/MS Non Available
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , positive LC-MS/MS splash10-0udi-0009000000-d860614369de32fc5b55
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , positive LC-MS/MS splash10-00kf-0901000000-0d362af6b48e1604f3c0
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , positive LC-MS/MS splash10-0006-0900000000-f79d2bd45c77067c33bf
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , positive LC-MS/MS splash10-0006-0900000000-385da9c2b565923f3591
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , positive LC-MS/MS splash10-0006-0900000000-24d8592c133da8552647
MS/MS Spectrum - , positive LC-MS/MS splash10-0uxr-0905000000-155a653652a8dc132b5c
MS/MS Spectrum - , positive LC-MS/MS splash10-0uxu-2905000000-a1d5ee29626527977b8e
MS/MS Spectrum - , positive LC-MS/MS splash10-014l-3900000000-835e2ce927e75b3bb1fb
MS/MS Spectrum - , positive LC-MS/MS splash10-014l-3910000000-cf38e48efa983293e01f

Targets

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Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action

Yeah

Actions

Inhibitor

General Function
Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activeness
Specific Part
Converts arachidonate to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), a committed stride in prostanoid synthesis. Constitutively expressed in some tissues in physiological conditions, such as the endothelium, kidney and...
Gene Name
PTGS2
Uniprot ID
P35354
Uniprot Name
Prostaglandin Chiliad/H synthase 2
Molecular Weight
68995.625 Da
References
  1. Poulsen Nautrup B, Horstermann D: [Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic aspects of the non-inflammatory non-steroidal agent meloxicam in dogs]. Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr. 1999 Mar;106(3):94-100. [Article]
  2. Tegeder I, Lotsch J, Krebs S, Muth-Selbach U, Brune K, Geisslinger G: Comparing of inhibitory effects of meloxicam and diclofenac on human thromboxane biosynthesis afterward single doses and at steady land. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1999 May;65(5):533-44. [Article]
  3. Blanco FJ, Guitian R, Moreno J, de Toro FJ, Galdo F: Effect of antiinflammatory drugs on COX-1 and COX-ii activity in human being articular chondrocytes. J Rheumatol. 1999 Jun;26(6):1366-73. [Commodity]
  4. Panara MR, Renda G, Sciulli MG, Santini G, Di Giamberardino One thousand, Rotondo MT, Tacconelli S, Seta F, Patrono C, Patrignani P: Dose-dependent inhibition of platelet cyclooxygenase-1 and monocyte cyclooxygenase-2 by meloxicam in healthy subjects. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Jul;290(1):276-lxxx. [Commodity]
  5. Gross JM, Dwyer JE, Knox FG: Natriuretic response to increased pressure level is preserved with COX-2 inhibitors. Hypertension. 1999 Nov;34(5):1163-7. [Article]
  6. Bekker A, Kloepping C, Collingwood S: Meloxicam in the management of mail-operative pain: Narrative review. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2018 October-Dec;34(4):450-457. doi: 10.4103/joacp.JOACP_133_18. [Article]
  7. Gates BJ, Nguyen TT, Setter SM, Davies NM: Meloxicam: a reappraisal of pharmacokinetics, efficacy and safe. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2005 Oct;six(12):2117-40. doi: ten.1517/14656566.half-dozen.12.2117. [Commodity]
  8. FDA approved products: Mobic (meloxicam) oral tablets [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological activity

Unknown

Actions

Inhibitor

General Office
Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity
Specific Function
Converts arachidonate to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), a committed step in prostanoid synthesis. Involved in the constitutive production of prostanoids in item in the stomach and platelets. In gas...
Gene Name
PTGS1
Uniprot ID
P23219
Uniprot Name
Prostaglandin Yard/H synthase 1
Molecular Weight
68685.82 Da
References
  1. Blanco FJ, Guitian R, Moreno J, de Toro FJ, Galdo F: Effect of antiinflammatory drugs on COX-1 and COX-2 activeness in human articular chondrocytes. J Rheumatol. 1999 Jun;26(6):1366-73. [Article]
  2. Panara MR, Renda G, Sciulli MG, Santini K, Di Giamberardino G, Rotondo MT, Tacconelli South, Seta F, Patrono C, Patrignani P: Dose-dependent inhibition of platelet cyclooxygenase-1 and monocyte cyclooxygenase-2 past meloxicam in healthy subjects. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Jul;290(one):276-eighty. [Commodity]
  3. Bekker A, Kloepping C, Collingwood S: Meloxicam in the direction of post-operative hurting: Narrative review. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2018 October-December;34(iv):450-457. doi: 10.4103/joacp.JOACP_133_18. [Article]
  4. Gates BJ, Nguyen TT, Setter SM, Davies NM: Meloxicam: a reappraisal of pharmacokinetics, efficacy and condom. Skilful Opin Pharmacother. 2005 Oct;6(12):2117-40. doi: 10.1517/14656566.6.12.2117. [Commodity]
  5. FDA canonical products: Mobic (meloxicam) oral tablets [Link]

Enzymes

Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological activity

Unknown

Actions

Inhibitor

Information in the literature are limited regarding this enzyme action.
Full general Office
Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) activity
Specific Function
Catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of 6-phosphogluconate to ribulose five-phosphate and CO(2), with concomitant reduction of NADP to NADPH.
Gene Proper noun
PGD
Uniprot ID
P52209
Uniprot Proper name
6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating
Molecular Weight
53139.56 Da
References
  1. Akkemik Eastward, Budak H, Ciftci One thousand: Furnishings of some drugs on human erythrocyte half dozen-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase: an in vitro report. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem. 2010 Aug;25(4):476-9. doi: ten.3109/14756360903257900. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological activity

Unknown

Actions

Substrate

Pharmocogenomic studies indicate that meloxicam may be a substrate of CYP2C8 in certain patients. More research is warranted. Clinical relevance of this enzyme action is undetermined.
Full general Function
Steroid hydroxylase action
Specific Part
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron ship pathway. Information technology oxidizes a variety of structurally united nations...
Cistron Name
CYP2C8
Uniprot ID
P10632
Uniprot Proper name
Cytochrome P450 2C8
Molecular Weight
55824.275 Da
References
  1. Agundez JA, Garcia-Martin E, Martinez C: Genetically based impairment in CYP2C8- and CYP2C9-dependent NSAID metabolism as a take a chance factor for gastrointestinal bleeding: is a combination of pharmacogenomics and metabolomics required to amend personalized medicine? Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2009 Jun;5(6):607-20. doi: ten.1517/17425250902970998 . [Article]
  2. Rodrigues AD: Impact of CYP2C9 genotype on pharmacokinetics: are all cyclooxygenase inhibitors the aforementioned? Drug Metab Dispos. 2005 November;33(11):1567-75. Epub 2005 Aug 23. [Article]
  3. Jaja C, Bowman L, Wells L, Patel N, Xu H, Lyon M, Kutlar A: Preemptive Genotyping of CYP2C8 and CYP2C9 Allelic Variants Involved in NSAIDs Metabolism for Sickle Cell Illness Pain Management. Clin Transl Sci. 2015 Aug;8(4):272-80. doi: 10.1111/cts.12260. Epub 2015 Feb 2. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological activity

Unknown

Actions

Substrate

General Function
Steroid hydroxylase activity
Specific Function
Cytochromes P450 are a grouping of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a multifariousness of structurally un...
Cistron Proper name
CYP2C9
Uniprot ID
P11712
Uniprot Proper name
Cytochrome P450 2C9
Molecular Weight
55627.365 Da
References
  1. Chesne C, Guyomard C, Guillouzo A, Schmid J, Ludwig E, Sauter T: Metabolism of Meloxicam in homo liver involves cytochromes P4502C9 and 3A4. Xenobiotica. 1998 Jan;28(1):ane-13. doi: 10.1080/004982598239704. [Article]
  2. Ludwig E, Schmid J, Beschke Thou, Ebner T: Activation of human cytochrome P-450 3A4-catalyzed meloxicam 5'-methylhydroxylation past quinidine and hydroquinidine in vitro. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Jul;290(i):1-8. [Article]
  3. Bekker A, Kloepping C, Collingwood South: Meloxicam in the management of post-operative pain: Narrative review. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2018 October-December;34(iv):450-457. doi: 10.4103/joacp.JOACP_133_18. [Article]
  4. Flockhart Table of Drug Interactions [Link]
  5. FDA approved products: Mobic (meloxicam) oral tablets [Link]
  6. Meloxicam FDA label [File]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action

Unknown

Deportment

Substrate

General Function
Vitamin d3 25-hydroxylase activity
Specific Role
Cytochromes P450 are a grouping of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation react...
Cistron Name
CYP3A4
Uniprot ID
P08684
Uniprot Proper noun
Cytochrome P450 3A4
Molecular Weight
57342.67 Da
References
  1. Chesne C, Guyomard C, Guillouzo A, Schmid J, Ludwig E, Sauter T: Metabolism of Meloxicam in human liver involves cytochromes P4502C9 and 3A4. Xenobiotica. 1998 Jan;28(1):ane-13. doi: 10.1080/004982598239704. [Article]
  2. Ludwig Eastward, Schmid J, Beschke Yard, Ebner T: Activation of human cytochrome P-450 3A4-catalyzed meloxicam 5'-methylhydroxylation by quinidine and hydroquinidine in vitro. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Jul;290(1):one-8. [Article]
  3. FDA approved products: Mobic (meloxicam) oral tablets [Link]

Carriers

Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action

Unknown

General Function
Toxic substance binding
Specific Office
Serum albumin, the main protein of plasma, has a good binding capacity for water, Ca(2+), Na(+), Grand(+), fatty acids, hormones, bilirubin and drugs. Its primary office is the regulation of the colloid...
Gene Name
ALB
Uniprot ID
P02768
Uniprot Proper noun
Serum albumin
Molecular Weight
69365.94 Da
References
  1. Bekker A, Kloepping C, Collingwood South: Meloxicam in the management of post-operative pain: Narrative review. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2018 Oct-Dec;34(4):450-457. doi: 10.4103/joacp.JOACP_133_18. [Article]
  2. Trynda-Lemiesz Fifty, Wiglusz K: Interactions of human serum albumin with meloxicam: label of binding site. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2010 Jun 5;52(2):300-four. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2009.12.025. Epub 2010 January 4. [Commodity]

Transporters

Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action

Unknown

Actions

Folder

General Office
Atpase activeness, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances
Specific Function
May be an organic anion pump relevant to cellular detoxification.
Cistron Name
ABCC4
Uniprot ID
O15439
Uniprot Name
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4
Molecular Weight
149525.33 Da
References
  1. Uchida Y, Kamiie J, Ohtsuki Southward, Terasaki T: Multichannel liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry cocktail method for comprehensive substrate characterization of multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 transporter. Pharm Res. 2007 Dec;24(12):2281-96. Epub 2007 Oct 16. [Article]
Kind
Grouping
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological activeness

Unknown

Actions

Modulator

Meloxicam modulates these transporters in rats, and likely produces similar effects in humans.

This group is comprised of various human vesicular glutamate transporters, such as VGLUT1, VGLUT2 and VGLUT3.

References
  1. Llorente IL, Landucci Eastward, Pellegrini-Giampietro DE, Fernandez-Lopez A: Glutamate receptor and transporter modifications in rat organotypic hippocampal slice cultures exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation: the contribution of cyclooxygenase-two. Neuroscience. 2015 Apr 30;292:118-28. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.02.040. Epub 2015 Feb 28. [Commodity]
  2. Llorente IL, Perez-Rodriguez D, Burgin TC, Gonzalo-Orden JM, Martinez-Villayandre B, Fernandez-Lopez A: Age and meloxicam change the response of the glutamate vesicular transporters (VGLUTs) subsequently transient global cerebral ischemia in the rat brain. Encephalon Res Bull. 2013 May;94:xc-7. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2013.02.006. Epub 2013 Feb 28. [Commodity]

Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at June sixteen, 2022 21:32